What established the Supreme Court and allowed Congress to create lower courts?

What established the Supreme Court and allowed Congress to create lower courts?

• A. Judiciary Act of 1964
• B. Article III Compromise
• C. Judiciary Act of 1789
• D. Judicial Review Act of 1803

Answer: (C)

The Judiciary Act of 1789 is the correct choice, as it was the foundational legislation that established the structure of the federal court system in the United States. This act created the Supreme Court and allowed Congress to establish lower federal courts, thus laying the groundwork for the judiciary's role within the federal government. Article III of the Constitution provides the basis for the judicial branch but does not detail the structure or the number of courts. The Judiciary Act of 1789 also set forth the jurisdiction, organization, and procedures of the federal courts, making it a crucial piece of legislation in American legal history. It established the Supreme Court's authority and defined how cases could be brought and tried within the federal judicial system, ensuring that Congress had the power to create and organize the lower courts as needed. While other options mentioned refer to various aspects of the judicial system, they do not pertain specifically to the establishment of the Supreme Court and the lower courts in the way the Judiciary Act of 1789 does.

The Judiciary Act of 1789 is the correct choice, as it was the foundational legislation that established the structure of the federal court system in the United States. This act created the Supreme Court and allowed Congress to establish lower federal courts, thus laying the groundwork for the judiciary's role within the federal government. Article III of the Constitution provides the basis for the judicial branch but does not detail the structure or the number of courts.

The Judiciary Act of 1789 also set forth the jurisdiction, organization, and procedures of the federal courts, making it a crucial piece of legislation in American legal history. It established the Supreme Court's authority and defined how cases could be brought and tried within the federal judicial system, ensuring that Congress had the power to create and organize the lower courts as needed.

While other options mentioned refer to various aspects of the judicial system, they do not pertain specifically to the establishment of the Supreme Court and the lower courts in the way the Judiciary Act of 1789 does.